History: Synonyms

Source of version: 7 (current)

''In popular literary acceptation, and as employed in special dictionaries of such words, synonyms are words sufficiently alike in general signification to be liable to be confounded, but yet so different in special definition as to require to be distinguished.'' --G. P. Marsh. ---- It would be nice to provide each of the gismu clusters below with an advice on good usage ---- __se papri | cukta | se tcidu | datni__ [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/lojban/message/9717|A recent proposal] by ((Nick Nicholas)): ''se papri < cukta < se tcidu < datni'' The proposal is retracted, but the fine semantics of these gismu is obviously something that should be made explicit ''(and probably has been :-( : [http://balance.wiw.org/~jkominek/lojban/9402/msg00081.html])'' *Is a blank notebook a ''cukta'', a ''se tcidu'' or a ''datni''? *Is a pictures only book a ''se tcidu'' or a ''datni''? *Is a text of random words a ''datni''? ---- __klama | muvdu | litru__ ''klama'' has all the places of ''muvdu'' plus x5 for vehicle, hence ''klama < muvdu''. ''litru'' lacks places for destination and origin, hence ''klama < litru'' __surely this should be the other way around? mi'e filip.__ ---- __nelci | se pluka | prami| se dirba__ ''prami'' differs from others in greater degree of emotional attachment. By the way, is there any difference between ''prami'' and ''se dirba''? ''se pluka'', compared to ''nelci'', has the place x3 'under conditions'. is there any reasonable way to make it work? *there is also ''melbi'' which is similar to ''pluka''. We need to do more thorough work on this cluster --najrut ---- __drata | frica__ roda rode zo'u le du'u da de frica cu nibli le du'u da de drata ijeku'i le du'u da de drata na nibli le du'u da de frica i mu'a ''lo djacu dirgo na frica lo drata'' ''drata'' = 'another' (not the same one), opposite to ''mintu'' ''frica'' = 'different' (not of the same kind), opposite to ''dunli'' see [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/lojban/message/1954 ---- __mintu] | dunli__ ''mintu'' = same, identical, opposite to ''drata'' ''dunli'' = of the same kind, opposite to ''frica'' ---- __pikta | jaspu__ Are the following ''pikta'' or ''jaspu'' (or neither): * foreign passport * driver's licence * a university's diploma * marriage certificate * credit card * ''other borderline examples?'' ---- __molki | fanri__ The gismu definition list says: '''molki'', unlike ''fanri'', need not produce a product'. However, even the prototypical grain mill for ''molki'' can be argued to produce flour from grain. Maybe ''molki'' puts more stress on processing/treatment rather than producing something radically different. But where does the border lie? Are the following ''molki'' or ''fanri'' (or neither): * grain mill * foundry * oil station * hairdresser's saloon * tattoo studio * tailor's workshop * ''other borderline examples?'' ---- botpi = se gacri ---- !!Some general gismu are needless as they can be replaced with other gismu or lujvo. Which will simplify the language and it's learning. ** xe klama > marce ** pluta > ve klama ** nixli > fetyve'a ** nakla > nakyve'a ** mensi > fetytunba ** bruna > naktunba ** ninmu > fetre'a ** nanmu > nakre'a ** tixnu > fetpanzi ** bersa > nakpanzi ** mamta > fetrirni (logical but really not smart replacement). See also [http://www.lojban.org/publications/draft-textbook/lesson13|lesson] for an explanation of the difference between fetsi rorci, se jbena and fetsi rirni. ** patfu > nakrirni (logical but really not smart replacement) --najrut !! Other cilre tadni ctuca bacru tavla casnu cusku skicu cpacu lebna te dunda=terdu'a frati spuda notci pinka xatra zgana catlu viska karce marce carce gasnu rinka bapli zukte mokca jipno flecu rirxe djuno krici fatci krefu rapli mukti krinu nibli rinka simla simsu __should this be ''simlu simsa''? mi'e filip__ sanmi cidja se citka dertu terdi gugde tutra tumla tricu mudri pagbu spisa palta palne sraku guska katna grasu matne ganse sanji ratni kantu selci jdari tinsa sligu ranti ralci parbi frinu cenba galfi stika curve jinsa tabno kolme bancu ragve sepli (se ragve=te sepli?) ckana matci kicne dargu klaji zbasu finti xamgu zabna xlali palci ?mabla zbepi tsina ?matci ?ckana cabra minji tutci jivbu nivji burna cfipu ?xanka ?badri badri dunku xanka burna manci spaji jenca fanza raktu cfipu ?xanka rigni xebni cnano fadni kampu bandu snura bebna fenki cizra nupre kajde stidi friti kucli | se cinri xajmi zdile zungi xenru pikci cpedu vecnu ve jdima = veldi'a pruce te cupra = terpra damba jamna turni | se tutra xabju | se zdani ckini srana