Some gismu may be in more than one category.
Table of contents
- Knowledge and the mind
- Emotions
- Personality traits
- Senses, sensations, & observation
- Colors
- Noise, music, & sound
- Logic
- Mathematics
- Science
- Chemical elements
- Astronomy
- Living things
- Plants
- Animals
- Bodily functions
- Body parts
- People
- Family
- Society & interaction
- Communication
- Non-Verbal Expressions
- Art
- Language & grammar
- Literature & writing
- Government, law, & territory
- Commands & obedience
- Religion
- Nationalities & cultures
- Location & direction
- Movement & transportation
- Roads & pathways
- Vehicles
- Money, trade, etc.
- Possession
- Work & employment
- Amounts
- Weights & measures
- Numeric & metric prefixes
- Size & weight (subjective )
- Comparisons
- Properties
- Subjective properties
- Events
- Processes & activities
- Causation
- Materials & substances
- Materials & substances
- Material properties
- Physical transformations
- Tools
- Technology
- Contexts
- Geological & geographical features
- Weather
- Seasons
- Light & daytime
- Shapes
- Groups & parts
- Temperature
- Time
- Food & drink (excluding plants & animals )
- Clothes
- Buildings & architecture
- Furniture
- Orientations
- Cultivation
- War & conflict
- Morality
- Protection, safety, & danger
- Health & medicine
- Manufacturing
- Growth, development, & age
- Organization
- Special
- Uncategorized
Categories
Knowledge and the mind
- pensi – think
- djuno – know
- cuxna – choose
- menli – mind
- jdice – decide
- sidbo – idea
- sruma – assume
- smadi – guess
- senpi – doubt
- platu – plan
- krici – believe
- morji – remember
- jijnu – intuit
- jimpe – understand
- cilre – learn
- tadni – study
- facki – discover
- lanli – analyze
- fatci – fact
- xanri – imaginary
- senva – dream
- xusra – assert
- jinvi – opine
- tugni – agree
- datni – data
Emotions
- badri – sad
- burna – embarrassed
- cinmo – emotion
- ckeji – ashamed
- ckire – grateful
- djica – desire
- fengu – angry
- fenki – crazy
- gleki – happy
- jilra – jealous
- junri – serious
- xalbo – levity
- kecti – pity
- prami – love
- xebni – hate
- xenru – regret
- zungi – guilt
- xalni – panic
- xanka – nervous
- dunku – anguish
- steba – frustration
- manci – wonder
- kucli – curious
- terpa – fear
- jgira – pride
- birti – certain
- pacna – hope
- nelci – fond
- sinma – esteem
- kufra – comfort
Personality traits
- tarti – behave
- virnu – brave
- stace – honest
- xarnu – stubborn
- bebna – foolish
- cumla – humble
- darsi – audacity
- jundi – attentive
- lazni – lazy
- xendo – kind
- kusru – cruel
- clite – polite
- racli – sane
Senses, sensations, & observation
- viska – see
- catlu – look
- jvinu – view
- vrusi – taste
- tirna – hear
- ganse – sense
- sumne – smell
- panci – odor
- sanji – conscious
- zgana – observe
- simlu – seem
- cpina – pungent
- cortu – pain
Texture
Tastes
Colors
- blabi – white
- blanu – blue
- bunre – brown
- cicna – cyan
- crino – green
- grusi – gray
- zirpu – purple
- narju – orange
- nukni – magenta
- pelxu – yellow
- xunre – red
- skari – color
- xekri – black
Noise, music, & sound
- zgike – music
- tonga – tone
- siclu – whistle
- savru – noise
- sance – sound
- sanga – sing
- cladu – loud
- smaji – quiet
- rilti – rhythm
Musical instruments
Non-linguistic utterances
Logic
- logji – logic
- jetnu – true
- jitfa – false
- nibli – necessitate
- kanxe – conjunction
- vlina – alternation
- natfe – deny
Mathematics
- cmaci – mathematics
- kurfa – square
- linji – line
- mekso – MEX
- namcu – number
- parbi – ratio
- pilji – multiply
- radno – radian
- dugri – logarithm
- fancu – function
- frinu – fraction
- tenfa – exponential
- tanjo – tangent
- sumji – sum
- stero – steradian
- sinso – sine
- kubli – cube
- kanji – calculate
- kancu – count
- jganu – angle
- dilcu – quotient
- plita – plane
- saclu – decimal
Science
- saske – science
- ratni – atom
- munje – universe
- minra – reflect
- mosra – friction
- danre – pressure
- nejni – energy
- maksi – magnet
- kantu – quantum
- xukmi – chemical
Chemical elements
- cidro – hydrogen
- cnisa – lead
- jilka – alkali
- kijno – oxygen
- kliru – chlorine
- margu – mercury
- navni – neon
- nikle – nickel
- rijno – silver
- sliri – sulfur
- sodna – sodium
- solji – gold
- tabno – carbon
- tinci – tin
- tirse – iron
- trano – nitrogen
- tunka – copper
- zinki – zinc
Astronomy
- mluni – satellite
- plini – planet
- lunra – lunar
- kensa – outer space
- terdi – earth
- tsani – sky
- solri – solar
- tarci – star
Living things
- jmive – live
- morsi – dead
- jgina – gene
- tsiju – seed
- sovda – egg
- mledi – mold
- lanbi – protein
- jutsi – species
Plants
- cindu – oak
- ckunu – conifer
- latna – lotus
- marna – hemp
- tujli – tulip
- tricu – tree
- tanko – tobacco
- srasu – grass
- spati – plant
- xrula – flower
- rozgu – rose
- clika – mossy
Edible vegetation
Fruits & vegetables
Grains
Botanical anatomy
Animals
Vertebrates
Mammals
- mabru – mammal
- bakni – bovine
- ladru – milk
- cinfo – lion
- gerku – dog
- kanba – goat
- kumte – camel
- lanme – sheep
- labno – wolf
- lorxu – fox
- mirli – deer
- mlatu – cat
- ractu – rabbit
- ratcu – rat
- cribe – bear
- xarju – pig
- xanto – elephant
- xasli – donkey
- tirxu – tiger
- xirma – horse
- smani – monkey
- smacu – mouse
- remna – human
Birds
Arthropods
Non-existent animals
- crida – fairy
Bodily functions
- xasne – sweat
- xagji – hunger
- vikmi – excrete
- vasxu – breathe
- vamtu – vomit
- tunlo – swallow
- taske – thirst
- tatpi – tired
- sputu – spit
- rorci – procreate
- pinca – urine
- kalci – feces
- jbena – born
- gletu – copulate
- kafke – cough
- senci – sneeze
- cinse – sexual
- sipna – sleep
- cikna – awake
- fetsi – female
- nakni – male
Body parts
- bongu – bone
- ciblu – blood
- denci – tooth
- galxe – throat
- ganti – gonad
- ganxo – anus
- tatru – breast
- tance – tongue
- tarbi – embryo
- xedja – jaw
External anatomy
- stedu – head
- xadni – body
- vlagi – vulva
- tamji – thumb
- vibna – vagina
- tuple – leg
- degji – finger
- xance – hand
- pinji – penis
- skapi – pelt
- mebri – brow
- moklu – mouth
- nazbi – nose
- jamfu – foot
- janco – shoulder
- kanla – eye
- kerfa – hair
- kerlo – ear
- zargu – buttock
- flira – face
- cutne – chest
- birka – arm
- cidni – knee
- cnebo – neck
- ctebi – lip
- betfu – abdomen
- plibu – pubic
Internal organs
Non-human body parts
People
- cifnu – infant
- nixli – girl
- verba – child
- prenu – person
- ninmu – woman
- nanla – boy
- nanmu – man
Family
- lanzu – family
- ckini – related
- bersa – son
- bruna – brother
- mamta – mother
- mensi – sister
- patfu – father
- famti – aunt or uncle
- tunba – sibling
- tixnu – daughter
- tamne – cousin
- panzi – offspring
- rirni – parent
- dzena – elder
Society & interaction
Communication
- bacru – utter
- cpedu – request
- cusku – express
- danfu – answer
- tavla – talk
- pinka – comment
- spuda – reply
- skicu – describe
- rinsa – greet
- preti – question
- pikci – beg
- pante – protest
- nupre – promise
- casnu – discuss
- ciksi – explain
- darlu – argue
- stidi – suggest
- ckasu – ridicule
- notci – message
- nuzba – news
- xatra – letter
- mrilu – mail
- voksa – voice
- basna – emphasize
Non-verbal expressions
Art
Language & grammar
- bridi – predicate
- gerna – grammar
- gismu – root word
- jufra – sentence
- valsi – word
- tanru – phrase compound
- sumti – argument
- cmavo – structure word
- lujvo – affix compound
- pandi – punctuate
- gadri – article
- bangu – language
- lerfu – letteral
- slaka – syllable
- rimni – rhyme
- rafsi – affix
- fanva – translate
Literature & writing
- cukta – book
- pemci – poem
- ciska – write
- xinmo – ink
- papri – page
- prosa – prose
- tcidu – read
- lisri – story
- karni – journal
- cfika – fiction
Government, law, & territory
- turni – govern
- pajni – judge
- catni – authority
- flalu – law
- zekri – crime
- pulji – police
- jansu – diplomat
- tutra – territory
Political divisions
Commands & obedience
- minde – command
- tinbe – obey
- fuzme – responsible
- jitro – control
- vlipa – powerful
- jatna – captain
- lacri – rely
- javni – rule
- vipsi – deputy
- sfasa – punish
- zifre – free
Religion
Nationalities & cultures
- kulnu – culture
- ranmi – myth
- tcaci – custom
- nobli – noble
- baxso – Malay-Indonesian
- polno – Polynesian
- xispo – Hispanic
- slovo – Slavic
- skoto – Scottish
- semto – Semitic
Languages
- bengo – Bengali
- glico – English
- latmo – Latin
- lojbo – Lojbanic
- xurdo – Urdu
- xrabo – Arabic
- xindo – Hindi
- xebro – Hebrew
- srito – Sanskrit
- dotco – German
- fraso – French
- jungo – Chinese
- ponjo – Japanese
- porto – Portuguese
- xelso – Greek
- spano – Spanish
- rusko – Russian
- meljo – Malaysian
- bindo – Indonesian
- vukro – Ukrainian
Nationalities
- brazo – Brazilian
- brito – British
- dotco – German
- filso – Palestinian
- fraso – French
- jordo – Jordanian
- jungo – Chinese
- kadno – Canadian
- libjo – Libyan
- lubno – Lebanese
- merko – American
- mexno – Mexican
- misro – Egyptian
- ponjo – Japanese
- porto – Portuguese
- kisto – Pakistani
- meljo – Malaysian
- morko – Moroccan
- bindo – Indonesian
- gento – Argentinian
- jerxo – Algerian
- xelso – Greek
- vukro – Ukrainian
- spano – Spanish
- sadjo – Saudi
- rusko – Russian
- rakso – Iraqi
- softo – Soviet
- sirxo – Syrian
- sralo – Australian
Religions
Continents
Location & direction
- zunle – left
- stuna – east
- stici – west
- snanu – south
- berti – north
- farna – direction
- pritu – right
- zvati – at
- cnita – beneath
- gapru – above
- jibni – near
- trixe – behind
- nenri – in
- mokca – point
- lamji – adjacent
- ragve – across
- bartu – out
- cpana – upon
- darno – far
- diklo – local
- dizlo – low
- galtu – high
- jbini – between
- stuzi – site
- sruri – surround
- mlana – side
- crane – front
- midju – middle
Movement & transportation
- bajra – run
- vofli – flight
- muvdu – move
- bikla – whip
- desku – shake
- cando – idle
- litru – travel
- limna – swim
- cadzu – walk
- cliva – leave
- cpare – climb
- stapa – step
- sfubu – dive
- plipe – leap
- klama – come
- sakli – slide
- flecu – flow
- gunro – roll
- farlu – fall
- fulta – float
- jabre – brake
- pagre – pass through
- lafti – lift
- jersi – chase
- carna – turn
- catke – shove
- benji – transfer
- bevri – carry
- punji – put
- lacpu – pull
Roads & pathways
Vehicles
- bloti – boat
- marce – vehicle
- carce – cart
- vinji – airplane
- karce – car
- trene – train
- jakne – rocket
- sabnu – cabin
Money, trade, etc.
- jdini – money
- rupnu – dollar
- fepni – cent
- sicni – coin
- banxa – bank
- jdima – price
- zarci – market
- vecnu – sell
- zivle – invest
- cteki – tax
- ricfu – rich
- prali – profit
- pleji – pay
- canja – exchange
- kargu – costly
- pindi – poor
- kagni – company
- vamji – value
- janta – account
Possession
- jbera – borrow
- kavbu – capture
- ponse – possess
- dunda – give
- ralte – retain
- lebna – take
- dejni – owe
Work & employment
Amounts
- mutce – much
- zenba – increase
- jdika – decrease
- cimni – infinite
- klani – quantity
- dukse – excess
- banzu – suffice
- claxu – without
Weights & measures
Metric
Non-metric
Numeric & metric prefixes
- gocti – 1E-24
- zepti – 1E-21
- xatsi – 1E-18
- femti – 1E-15
- picti – 1E-12
- nanvi – 1E-9
- mikri – 1E-6
- milti – .001
- centi – .01
- decti – .1
- xadba – half
- dekto – 10
- xecto – 100
- kilto – 1000
- megdo – 1E6
- gigdo – 1E9
- terto – 1E12
- petso – 1E15
- xexso – 1E18
- zetro – 1E21
- gotro – 1E24
Size & weight (subjective)
- barda – big
- cmalu – small
- tilju – heavy
- linto – lightweight
- tordu – short
- clani – long
- cinla – thin
- ganra – broad
- jarki – narrow
- condi – deep
- caxno – shallow
- rotsu – thick
Comparisons
- zmadu – more
- mleca – less
- dukti – opposite
- panra – parallel
- simsa – similar
- drata – other
- dunli – equal
- mintu – same
- traji – superlative
- bancu – beyond
- karbi – compare
- frica – differ
- fatne – reverse
Properties
- ckaji – quality
- jinzi – innate
- cnano – norm
- fadni – ordinary
- kampu – common
- milxe – mild
- manfo – uniform
- carmi – intense
- kandi – dim
- curve – pure
Subjective properties
- banli – great
- melbi – beautiful
- vajni – important
- cinri – interesting
- cfipu – confusing
- frili – easy
- nandu – difficult
- sampu – simple
- pluja – complicated
- pluka – pleasant
- rigni – disgusting
- zdile – amusing
- xajmi – funny
- sarxe – harmonious
- slabu – familiar
- cilce – wild
- cizra – strange
- fange – alien
Events
- zukte – act
- fasnu – event
- rapli – repeat
- cumki – possible
- lakne – probable
- krefu – recur
- cunso – random
- funca – luck
- cafne – often
- dikni – regular
Processes & activities
- pruce – process
- sisti – cease
- cfari – initiate
- suksa – sudden
- fanmo – end
- denpa – wait
- tadji – method
- dicra – interrupt
- zunti – interfere
- macnu – manual
- ranji – continue
- vitci – irregular
Causation
- mukti – motive
- rinka – cause
- jalge – result
- krinu – reason
- bapli – force
- gasnu – do
- frati – react
Materials & substances
- marji – material
Solids
- sligu – solid
- jinme – metal
- kunra – mineral
- romge – chrome
- ransu – bronze
- gasta – steel
- lastu – brass
- bakri – chalk
- blaci – glass
- kolme – coal
- krili – crystal
- rokci – rock
- bisli – ice
- kliti – clay
- staku – ceramic
- panje – sponge
- purmo – powder
- canre – sand
- pulce – dust
- dertu – dirt
- lakse – wax
- skori – cord
- dasri – ribbon
- pelji – paper
- slasi – plastic
- mudri – wood
- korka – cork
- ckabu – rubber
- sunla – wool
- matli – linen
- silka – silk
- mapni – cotton
- bukpu – cloth
Liquids
Liquids
Chemicals
Material properties
Physical transformations
- porpi – break
- sraku – scratch
- polje – fold
- lunsa – condense
- katna – cut
- runme – melt
- runta – dissolve
- zalvi – grind
- torni – twist
- dunja – freeze
- febvi – boil
- spoja – explode
- marxa – mash
- preja – spread
Tools
- burcu – brush
- cabra – apparatus
- canpa – shovel
- cinza – tongs
- dakfu – knife
- forca – fork
- klupe – screw
- tutci – tool
- xislu – wheel
- pulni – pulley
- vraga – lever
- smuci – spoon
- pinsi – pencil
- pijne – pin
- penbi – pen
- mruli – hammer
- komcu – comb
- balre – blade
- stela – lock
- ckiku – key
- jendu – axle
- jinci – shears
- julne – net
- sacki – match
- santa – umbrella
- pambe – pump
- cfine – wedge
- salpo – slope
- dinko – nail
- batke – button
- linsi – chain
- falnu – sail
- garna – rail
- lenjo – lens
- junla – clock
Containers
Technology
- tivni – television
- toknu – oven
- kacma – camera
- cradi – radio
- fonxa – telephone
- vidni – video
- minji – machine
- zmiku – automatic
- skina – cinema
- skami – computer
- matra – motor
- dikca – electric
Contexts
Geological & geographical features
- zbani – bay
- lalxu – lake
- daplu – island
- xamsi – sea
- tumla – land
- rirxe – river
- cmana – mountain
Weather
- bratu – hail
- tcima – weather
- lindi – lightning
- carvi – rain
- bumru – fog
- snime – snow
- brife – breeze
- dilnu – cloud
Seasons
Light & daytime
- donri – daytime
- nicte – night
- vanci – evening
- cerni – morning
- manku – dark
- ctino – shadow
- gusni – illumine
- murse – glimmering
Shapes
- sarlu – spiral
- salpo – slope
- konju – cone
- bargu – arch
- tubnu – tube
- tarmi – shape
- grana – rod
- djine – ring
- cukla – round
- clupa – loop
- bliku – block
- bolci – ball
- cfine – wedge
- cilta – thread
- jgena – knot
- tapla – tile
- slanu – cylinder
- kruvi – curve
- skuro – groove
- bidju – bead
- fenra – crack
- genxu – hook
- kevna – cavity
- foldi – field
- jesni – needle
- tanbo – board
- senta – layer
- calku – shell
- snuji – sandwich
- boxfo – sheet
- panlo – slice
- karda – card
- cinje – wrinkle
- punli – swelling
- jipno – tip
- korcu – bent
Groups & parts
- bakfu – bundle
- cecmu – community
- girzu – group
- bende – crew
- kamni – committee
- cmima – member
- pagbu – part
- liste – list
- klesi – class
- gunma – jointly
- spisa – piece
- porsi – sequence
Temperature
Time
Units of time
Points in time
Food & drink (excluding plants & animals)
Foods
Drinks
Ingredients
Clothes
- pastu – robe
- taxfu – garment
- smoka – sock
- skaci – skirt
- palku – pants
- kosta – coat
- gluta – glove
- creka – shirt
- mapku – cap
- daski – pocket
- cutci – shoe
- dasni – wear
Buildings & architecture
- bitmu – wall
- vorme – door
- serti – stairs
- drudi – roof
- dinju – building
- cripu – bridge
- balni – balcony
- canko – window
- kamju – column
- loldi – floor
- kumfa – room
- tsina – stage
Specific types of buildings
Furniture
- jubme – table
- nilce – furniture
- stizu – chair
- ckana – bed
- sfofa – sofa
- kajna – shelf
- matci – mat
Orientations
Cultivation
War & conflict
- jamna – war
- xarci – weapon
- danti – projectile
- sonci – soldier
- bilni – military
- jenmi – army
- bradi – enemy
- darxi – hit
- tikpa – kick
- damba – fight
- catra – kill
- vlile – violent
- gunta – attack
- fapro – oppose
- panpi – peace
Morality
Protection, safety, & danger
Health & medicine
- kanro – healthy
- mikce – doctor
- jinku – vaccine
- jurme – germ
- vidru – virus
- kenra – cancer
- bilma – ill
- xrani – injure
Manufacturing
- gundi – industry
- fanri – factory
- molki – mill
- zbasu – make
- nivji – knit
- cupra – produce
- rutni – artifact
Growth, development, & age
Organization
Special
- broda – predicate var 1
- brode – predicate var 2
- brodi – predicate var 3
- brodo – predicate var 4
- brodu – predicate var 5
Uncategorized
- tcila – detail
- prane – perfect
- cfila – flaw
- drani – correct
- cikre – repair
- spofu – broken
- cipra – test
- boxna – wave
- ctaru – tide
- barna – mark
- basti – replace
- betri – tragedy
- bilga – obliged
- binxo – become
- bredi – ready
- canci – vanish
- canlu – space
- kruca – intersect
- cartu – chart
- cecla – launcher
- cerda – heir
- citri – history
- cnemu – reward
- cnino – new
- cokcu – soak up
- cpacu – get
- ctuca – teach
- cuntu – affair
- curmi – let
- dandu – hang
- daspo – destroy
- derxi – heap
- dimna – fate
- dapma – curse
- dirba – dear
- dirce – radiate
- dirgo – drop
- fanta – prevent
- fatri – distribute
- fendi – divide
- fenso – sew
- fusra – rotten
- festi – waste
- finti – invent
- fliba – fail
- fraxu – forgive
- friti – offer
- fukpi – copy
- gacri – cover
- galfi – modify
- ganlo – closed
- gidva – guide
- ginka – camp
- greku – frame
- gubni – public
- guska – scrape
- jadni – adorn
- janli – collide
- jarco – show
- jaspu – passport
- jbama – bomb
- jemna – gem
- jetce – jet
- jicla – stir
- jicmu – basis
- jinru – immerse
- lumci – wash
- jinsa – clean
- spali – polish
- sorcu – store
- jinto – well
- jivbu – weave
- jmifa – shoal
- judri – address
- jursa – severe
- juxre – clumsy
- kakne – able
- kakpa – dig
- kalri – open
- kalte – hunt
- kansa – with
- karli – collar
- kelci – play
- kicne – cushion
- kinli – sharp
- klina – clear
- kojna – corner
- jimte – limit
- korbi – edge
- krasi – source
- krati – represent
- kurji – take care of
- kuspe – range
- lanci – flag
- randa – yield
- lanxe – balance
- lidne – precede
- lifri – experience
- lunbe – bare
- zabna – favorable
- mabla – derogative
- makfa – magic
- mansa – satisfy
- mapti – fit
- masno – slow
- mifra – code
- sivni – private
- mipri – secret
- misno – famous
- morna – pattern
- zasti – exist
- dacti – object
- mucti – immaterial
- mulno – complete
- mupli – example
- murta – curtain
- nabmi – problem
- sarcu – necessary
- nitcu – need
- zanru – approve
- nutli – neutral
- panka – park
- pencu – touch
- pikta – ticket
- pilka – crust
- pilno – use
- pinfu – prisoner
- pinta – level
- plana – plump
- prije – wise
- prina – print
- raktu – trouble
- ralci – delicate
- ralju – principal
- ranxi – irony
- rarna – natural
- renro – throw
- renvi – survive
- rinci – drain
- rinju – restrain
- rirci – rare
- rivbi – avoid
- sabji – provide
- sakci – suck
- salci – celebrate
- sarji – support
- satci – exact
- satre – stroke
- sazri – operate
- sefta – surface
- selci – cell
- selfu – serve
- sepli – apart
- setca – insert
- sevzi – self
- sidju – help
- sigja – cigar
- sinxa – sign
- sirji – straight
- sisku – seek
- sitna – cite
- skiji – ski
- smuni – meaning
- snada – succeed
- snuti – accidental
- srana – pertain
- srera – err
- stali – remain
- steci – specific
- stika – adjust
- stodi – constant
- sucta – abstract
- surla – relax
- sutra – fast
- tagji – snug
- kluza – loose
- lasna – fasten
- tcana – station
- tcena – stretch
- tcica – deceive
- trina – attract
- troci – try
- tunta – poke
- venfu – revenge
- vifne – fresh
- vreji – record
- slilu – oscillate
- cenba – vary
- vrici – miscellaneous
- xabju – dwell
- xaksu – use up
- xlura – influence
- xruti – return
- zbepi – pedestal