cmavo: ba'a (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express anticipation as the source of information or idea. This word comprises a scale, along with "ba'a cu'i" and "ba'a nai".

See Also

• {ba'acu'i}
• {ba'anai}
• {bavykri}
• {lifri}
• {morji}

Proposed Keywords

• I anticipate

Usage Examples

ba'a seems to be used in a mostly non-temporal sense. That is, it is rarely used to express "I expect that X will happen", but rather something like "I presume that X would be the case". A borderline-temporal case is to interpret it as "I presume that X will be the answer to my question".

ba'anai does seem to be unambiguously used to refer to things in the past.

Temporal usages

ba'a do bazu djuno fi ro djedi

I expect that in the far future, you will know about every day.

.ua .i ba'anai

Oh yeah, I remember now.

Non-temporal usages

.i y xu ro pipybanfi cu respa - ba'a na mabrua

Are frogs reptiles? I don't expect them to be mammals.

.i lenu mi joi la tal. puzi casnu ti cu mukti lenu mi te preti fo do .i ba'a loi mlatu loi gerku cu zmadu leka kukte .i xu tugni

Me and Tal's recent discussion prompted me to ask you. I expect cats to taste better than dogs. Agree?

ma se xabju do vi la astn - ba'a vi la ubuty. xabju

Where near Austin do you live? Probably near UT.

ba'a do xabju le jecrsautkarolaina

You probably live in South Carolina.

I rule that usage to be in error, and that the temporal interpretation should remain/become the official interpretation.

cmavo: ba'a cu'i (UI*2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express experience as the source of information or idea. This word comprises a scale, along with "ba'a" and "ba'a nai".

See Also

• {ba'a}
• {ba'anai}

Proposed Keywords

• I experience

Usage Examples

ba'acu'i cumki fa le nu mi sutra bacru ta'i tu'a lo nu lo denpa cu jbini ro valsi

In my experience, it is possible for me to speak quickly with pauses between every word.

cmavo: ba'a nai (UI*2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express memory/recollection as the source of information or idea. This word comprises a scale, along with "ba'a" and "ba'a cu'i".

See Also

• {ba'a}
• {ba'acu'i}

Proposed Keywords

• recall
• remember

Usage Examples

ko tcidu .i ba'anai do pante vu'e le za'i le banrglico cu bangu le jboskepre

Read it. I recall that you objected to the fact that the lojbanologists discussed in English.

cmavo: ca'e (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to mark a performative/speech act, that is, an utterance that is true because the speaker says so.

See Also

Proposed Keywords

• I define

Usage Examples

ca'e le mi tubnu cu na'ebo marna tubnu

I say my pipe is a non-pot pipe.

ca'e la bais cu mulno

BAI is hereby done.

ca'e le re do cu simxu speni

I hereby pronounce that the two of you are mutual spouses. I pronounce you husband and wife.

cmavo: ja'o (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express other (stated or unstated) information or ideas as the source of information or idea. (cf. selni'i, ni'ikri)

See Also

Proposed Keywords

• I conclude

Usage Examples

ja'o mi tolnelci le gejbirje

So, I dislike root beer.

ja'o do na prenu citka prenu

Then you cannot be a cannibal.

ja'o do gento

Then you must be Argentinian.

ja'o do se bangu le glico .e la lojban .enai lo drata

So you know only English and Lojban.

za'a cladu carvi .i ja'o carmi carvi

I can hear the loud sound of rain. So it must be raining heavily.

ro bu'a zo'u le ka bu'a cu xamgu .inaja la cev traji le ka bu'a .i le ka zasti cu xamgu .i ja'o la cev traji le ka zasti

Of all good properties, God is the entity that has the most of it. Existence is a good property. Hence, God is the entity that is the most existent of all.

cmavo: ju'a (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express a non-specific/elliptical source of information or idea.

See Also

• {xusra}

Proposed Keywords

• I state

Usage Examples

ju'a loi xalka cu danfu .i mi na morji le preti

Alcohol is the answer. I can't remember the question.

ju'a ba'e ro da cu se senpi .ei

Everything should be doubted, I say.

cmavo: ka'u (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express cultural context/myth/custom as the source of information or idea.

See Also

• {kluju'o}

Proposed Keywords

• I know culturally
• I culturally know

Usage Examples

.i tatpi joi xagji .i ka'u ca le cabdei mi na .ei citka je pinxe mu'i tu'a le lijda

I'm tired and hungry. Tomorrow I mustn't eat or drink for religious reasons.

.i ka'u so'a nanmu cu xebni .iku'i mi certu le ka .o'o zei cinmo

Almost all men hate something, but I am very good at being patient.

cmavo: pe'i (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express opinion as the source of information or idea.

See Also

• {jinvi}

Proposed Keywords

• I opine

Usage Examples

pe'i le nu ma'a na frili kakne le nu benji la nomoi cu mukti .ei le nu ma'a na troci le nu benji ja vecnu le remoi

In my opinion, the fact that we can't easily send the zeroth one should be a reason for us not to try to send and sell the second one.

cmavo: ru'a (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express postulate/assumption/presumption as the source of information or idea.

See Also

• {sruma}

Proposed Keywords

• I postulate
• I presume
• I assume
• I take it that
• presumably

Usage Examples

ru'a no le prenu cu nanca lo zmadu be li 25

Presumably, none of the people are more than 25 years old.

.i ru'a mi milxe leka bilma

I am slightly ill, I assume.

cmavo: se'o (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express internal experience, such as a dream, vision, or personal revelation, as the source of information or idea.

See Also

• {senva}

Proposed Keywords

• I know internally

Usage Examples

se'o tunta le mi tamji .i da poi palci cu klama jibni

I know internally that it stabbed my thumb. Something evil was coming close.

cmavo: su'a (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express other (stated or unstated) information as the source of the information or idea that is a generalization of the former. This word comprises a scale, along with "su'a nai".

See Also

• {su'anai}
• {sucta}
• {sucni'i}

Proposed Keywords

• I generalize

Usage Examples

.i le mi skami se tcana prenu cu krici le se go'i

My server people believe that.

su'a le skami se tcana prenu cu so'eroi bebna

Which goes to show that server people are stupid most of the time.

cmavo: su'a nai (UI*2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express other (stated or unstated) information as the source of the information or idea that is a particularization of the former. This word comprises a scale, along with "su'a".

See Also

• {su'a}

Proposed Keywords

• I particularize

Usage Examples

mi pu te cusku lo nu go'i .i su'anai samselmri

I was told that. E-mail, in particular.

cmavo: ti'e (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express hearsay/relayed information as the source of information or idea.

See Also

• {tirna}
• {sitna}
• {tcidu}

Proposed Keywords

• I hear

Usage Examples

ti'e lo bangu cu kensa vidru

They say that language is a virus from outer space.

ti'e le rokci pe la titan cu bisli jenai rokci

I hear that the "rocks" on Titan are actually made of ice, not rock.

cmavo: za'a (UI2)

Proposed Definition

Evidential. Used to express direct observation or perception as the source of information or idea. Said perception may be visual, but need not be.

See Also

• {zgana}
• {lanli}

Proposed Keywords

• I observe
• apparently

Usage Examples

.i le do cmene cu za'a xelso

I see that you have a Greek name.

.i za'a le ca me la taral. cu cnino

Apparently the present Taral is new.