cmavo: ca'u (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located in front of a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event is in front of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se crane
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- front
- in front of
- forwards
- to the front of
Usage Examples
- dy co'a klama gi'e gunta le ca'u pa moi be la molki
- D started going and attacked the front-most mill.
- lo jukni ca'a dinju gasnu ca'u le mi skami jarco
- A spider is actually building a web in front of my computer screen.
Notes
"dinju" is not normally "web"; this is inferred from context because
it's a spider making it.
cmavo: ga'u (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located above a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event is above of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se gapru
See Also
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- xu do terdu'a le dakfu le tolci'o nanmu ga'u le jacfa'u
- Have you gotten the sword from the old man above the waterfall?
- mi ga'u lo ba'e tolxanri bloti cu co'e
- On top of the boat, I do something.
- ma pu ga'u muvdu
- What moved above you?
cmavo: ni'a (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located below a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event is below.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se cnita
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- below
- downwards
- down from
Usage Examples
- mi kakne lo nu reskla ni'a le vrogai
- I can creep under the door.
- ko mo'i ni'a klama fo le serti
- Go down the stairs.
cmavo: ri'u (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located to the right of a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event to the right of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se pritu
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- on the right of
- rightwards
- to the right of
Usage Examples
- le zu'a nanmu mo'i ri'u klama
- The man to my left goes to my rightwards.
- lo skami be ri'u mi cu co'u cladu
- The computer to my right stopped being loud.
- la .bil. sanli ri'u vi ku
- Bill stands nearby to my right.
- lo tadni cu zu'a nanmu gi'e ri'u ninmu
- The students are women on my left and men on my right.
cmavo: ru'u (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located around or surrounding a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event is located around of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se sruri
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- surrounding
- annular
- around
Usage Examples
- mi mutce le ka tatpi le nu ru'u limna
- I am very tired of swimming about here.
- .a bu tengau le birka ru'u le gumri
- Alice stretched her arms around the the mushroom.
Notes
Does this work like sruri, which has "near total containment in some dimension(s)" in the notes?
The ru'u limna example seems like it doesn't work, because Alice herself is not wrapped around anything.
Is this word actually useful for much of anything.
For usages like ru'u limna to be retained, ru'u should mean something like "spanning around a point". The event of Alice swimming occupies an area around a certain point and the event stays within the boundaries of this area. (This would make it somewhat similar to vi'u)
cmavo: ti'a (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located behind a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event is behind of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se trixe
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- behind
- rearwards
- to the rear of
Usage Examples
- lo zgike sance cu klama fi lo rictu'a be ti'a le mi zdani
- The musical sounds came from the forest behind my house.
- .ii sai ko viska ti'a do
- Look out behind your!
- vy ti'a jgari sy re birka le cutne
- V hugged S from behind.
cmavo: zu'a (FAHA2)
Proposed Definition
Spatial tense. It indicates that the event is located to the left of a certain point. When tagging a sumti, the sumti specifies the point the event to the left of.
Proposed Tag
fi'o se zunle
See Also
Proposed Keywords
- on the left of
- leftwards
- to the left of
Usage Examples
- lo tadni cu zu'a nanmu gi'e ri'u ninmu
- The students are women on my left and men on my right.
- le zu'a nanmu fa'a ri'u klama
- The man to my left goes towards my right.
General Section Issues
Most of these make no sense in front of a selbri with "mi" in the
bridi, because you can't be (for example) above yourself, so "mi
ga'u zutse" doesn't seem possible.
- They make perfect sense. The implicitly tagged sumti is understood from context. "mi ga'u zutse" expands to "lo nu mi zutse cu gapru (zo'e)". This zo'e is usually understood to be the position of the speaker, just like the default for "pu" is the time of the speaker. However, here it very clearly means "I sit above (something)." --selpa'i
Does "ri'u do" mean "on your right", or "rightwards of you relative to the speaker"? Whichever it means, we need a way to say the other without leaving tenses.
- I would think {ri'u do} would be the latter, while {do ri'u} is the former. - .aionys.