Proposed Definitions
cmavo: jo'a (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to express metalinguistic yes, confirm a presupposition.
Proposed Keywords
- Yes
- indeed
- quite so
- right
See Also
Usage Examples
- jo'a go'i
- That's right, yes.
cmavo: kau (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate an indirect question.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- mi na djuno lo du'u ti mo kau
- I don't know what this is.
- .e'o ko no da jungau lo du'u mi zvati ma kau
- Please don't tell anyone where I am.
- loi bangu cu ficysi'u lo ka xo kau da jicmu valsi lo skari ce'u
- Languages differ in how many basic colour terms they have.
- .ei do jdice lo du'u xu kau do djica lo nu klama
- You ought to decide whether or not you want to go.
cmavo: li'o (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate omitted text.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- lo pavdei cu pa moi djedi .i lo reldei cu re moi djedi .i li'o
- Monday is the first day, Tuesday is the second day, and so on.
cmavo: na'i (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to express metalinguistic not, deny a presupposition.
Proposed Keywords
See Also
Usage Examples
- do krici ma zo kampu
- What do you believe of "kampu"?
- na'i go'i .i mi na djuno tu'a le gismu
- No, I don't know that gismu.
cmavo: pe'a (UI3c):
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate figurative / non-literal / metaphorical language.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- mi mutce ke jelca pe'a cortu le kanla
- I have an intense "burning" pain in my eyes.
cmavo: pe'a nai (UI*3c):
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate non-figurative / literal / non-metaphorical language.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- pe'a nai lo nu zbasu lo sanso cu mentu li pa
- It takes literally a minute to make the sauce.
cmavo: sa'a (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate an editorial insertion.
Proposed Keywords
See Also
Usage Examples
- lu .ei do ckeji sei sa'a la .alis. cu cusku li'u
- "You ought to be ashamed of yourself," said Alice.
cmavo: ta'u (UI3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate the expansion of a tanru.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- dei bebna mupli .i ta'u mupli lo bebna
- This is a silly example, i.e. it exemplifies something silly.
Debate here.
cmavo: ta'u nai (UI*3a)
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to indicate the making of a tanru.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- dei mupli lo bebna i ta'u nai bebna mupli
- This is an example of something silly. A silly example, we might say.
cmavo: ge'e (UI6):
Proposed Definition
Attitudinal. Used to express an unspecified emotion.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- fo'a di'i nai cmoni .i mo'u bacru lu ge'e frica li'u
- He hems and haws. "It's different," he finally says.
cmavo: ki'a (UI6):
Proposed Definition
Attitudinal question. Used to express textual confusion.
Proposed Keywords
See Also
Usage Examples
- le ki'a jubme
- Which table?
cmavo: ki'a nai (UI*6):
Proposed Definition
Non-question. Used to express understanding.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- ki'a nai .i do pu xalbo
- I see, you were joking.
cmavo: xu (UI6):
Proposed Definition
Discursive. Used to pose a true-false question.
Proposed Keywords
Usage Examples
- xu ti banzu
- Is this enough?
Notes
- The ma'oste and CLL have ta'u and ta'u nai reversed. I followed CLL in the definitions.
Issues
How does one indicate that {sa'a} is actually part of quoted text? Would {sa'a sa'a nai} do it?
BPFK Poll: Text Structure Discursives
BPFK Poll: Text Structure Discursives