History: Lojban and linguistic universals

Source of version: 1

http://angli02.kgw.tu-berlin.de/Korean/Artikel02/ has a list of universals and lists various languages and their types. 1. Lojban doesn't have subject and object, it has sumti in various places of a selbri. More often than not, though, the sumti corresponding to the subject in other languages precedes the one corresponding to the object. 2. Lojban has prepositions (sumtcita precede). The genitive construction (pe/po/ne) can be stated either way. 3. Dominant order is SVO. You can't make a VSO sentence without using {fa}. 4. SOV is not uncommon but not dominant either. 5. See 4. 6. See 3. 7. See 4. 8. Lojban uses a particle, not an intonation. 9. {xu}, when referring to the sentence as a whole, is initial, and Lojban is prepositional. 10. {xu}, when referring to a word, follows that word, and the dominant order is not VSO. 11. Inversion doesn't make questions in Lojban. 12. Neither of those is the dominant order. 13. Object usually follows the verb. 14. This one is iffy;) 15. This construction in Lojban is {tezu'e lonu broda}. It normally follows the main verb, but can precede. 16. Lojban doesn't have inflected auxiliaries and neither of those is dominant. 17. Not the dominant order. 18. Lojban doesn't have adjectives, so I'm taking "descriptive adjective" to mean a seltau, since an adjective+noun construction generally translates as a tanru. The seltau precedes the tertau. The demonstrative and numeral precede. 19. Seltau precede, with no exceptions. 20. Lojban violates this one. The order is numeral-demonstrative-descriptive, because the descriptive word is a verb, and the demonstrative is a tense marker. 21. Lojban doesn't have adverbs. 22. Lojban uses a word for "surpass" ({zmadu}), often compounded with the "adjective". The construct adjective-marker-standard is possible but rare, the language is prepositional, and the marker is in fact a preposition. 23. Not clear what Lojban construction corresponds to this. 24. The relative expression follows. 25. Pronominal objects and nominal objects usually follow. 26. Lojban doesn't have discontinuous affixes. 27. This is talking about derivational, not root, affixes. Derivational affixes (tol-, sel-, zaz-, etc.) usually precede. The comparative (-mau) is a suffix, but being the rafsi of a gismu, it's a root morpheme. 28. Lojban doesn't have inflectional affixes. 29. Ditto.

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Mon 18 of Dec, 2006 06:28 GMT PierreAbbat from 166.82.175.165	3
Sun 17 of Dec, 2006 22:29 GMT PierreAbbat from 166.82.175.165	2
Sat 16 of Dec, 2006 05:15 GMT PierreAbbat from 166.82.175.165	1

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