History: Lojban vs Loglan: comparison

Source of version: 5 (current)

For the Lojbanists interested in history: a grammatical comparison of Loglan vs Lojban * terminology ** prim(itive) = ((gismu)) (see also ((gismu != primitives))) ** borrowing = ((fu'ivla)) ** complex, CPX = ((lujvo)) (hence pluja valsi) ** metaphor = ((tanru)) ** little word, LW = ((cmavo)) (hence cmalu valsi!) ** affix = ((rafsi)) ** ((lexeme)) = ((selma'o)) (in the extended sense) ** ((GMR)) (Great Morphological Revolution) = introduction of rafsi system into the language (pre-split) * Phonetics/Orthography ** Vowels *** diphthongs are ai, ei, oi, ao (= Lojban au) *** optional diphthongs are iV, uV *** all other vowel pairs are pronounced with glides *** no equivalent of ', so no contrast like ai/a'i ** Consonants *** role of x is taken by h *** Extra letters (used only in names, borrowings): **** x, pronounced as in Lojban **** q, IPA [[T] = English unvoiced "th" **** w, IPA [[y] = German ü, French u ** Capitalization follows the pattern standard for the European languages: used in the beginning of a sentence and for proper names. Nonstandard stress is marked by an apostrophe preceding the stressed syllable. * Morphology ** basically the same at time of split ** Loglan has added a new rule: in any lujvo beginning CVCC, where CC is a permissible initial, change to CVCyC. This eliminates the need for the slinku'i test (according to TLI) * Vocabulary ** Gismu *** formed on the same principles *** very different in detail due to different weights (much more English-y) and presence of h instead of x *** see also ((Borrowing from Loglan)) *** see also ((The x2 place of blanu)) ** Rafsi *** don't necessarily have just one of CVC, CCV, or CVV forms, but maximum is still three ** Fu'ivla *** often use h-clusters to "solve" morphological problems (e.g. ''athomi'' = x1 is an atom) ** Cmavo *** show various "sound law" changes, e.g. Loglan gu = Lojban ku (but much more general "universal" terminator), Loglan no = Lojban na, Loglan noi = Lojban nai, Loglan keks = Lojban geks, Loglan ceks = Lojban jeks. * Grammar ** masses/sets ** abstraction ** modals ** tenses ** relative clauses ** Imperative *** formed by omitting the x1 argument ** ((mekso)) ** attitudinals ** negation ** termsets ** Vocatives: hoi instead of doi (as in "[http://www.loglan.org/Texts/vizka-la-spat.html|Prano, hoi Spat. I prano.]") ** ??? what else * Usage/Style ** ((sumti raising))