History: logical induction and deduction

Source of version: 2 (current)

! Deduction ''I have a Case, and a Rule, and I infer a Result'' ''Case: Socrates is human'' ''Rule: All humans are mortal'' ''Result: Therefore, Socrates is mortal'' nibli, ja'o ''(too often the longer equivalent .iseni'ibo)'', ((Resurrected Gismu|didni)) **Whence these strange definitions? They don't work for a vast array of interesting cases: ''This or that. Not this Therefore that.'' ''Socrates is human, Socrates is a philosopher, Therefore, Some philosopher is human'' ---- !!! Induction ''I have a Case and a Result, and I infer a Rule'' ''Case: Socrates is human'' ''Result: Socrates is mortal'' ''Rule: Therefore, All humans are mortal'' sucta, su'a, ((Resurrected Gismu|nusna)) __Objection__: ''Case: Socrates is human'' ''Result: Socrates was a philosopher'' ''Rule: Therefore, All humans are philosophers'' ''To do good induction you need a lot of case-result pairs.'' ** This is more plausible in a way, but deals with only one type of induction and it the least useful. Statistical induction and causal induction are more important and don't fit this pattern at all. ---- !!! Abduction ''I have a Result and a Rule, and I infer a Case'' ''Rule: All humans are mortal'' ''Result: Socrates is mortal'' ''Case: Therefore, Socrates is human'' tolsucta, su'anai __Objection__: ''Rule: All tree frogs are mortal'' ''Reslt: Socrates is mortal'' ''Case: Therefore, Socrates is a tree frog.'' ''i.e. Abduction is logically ''and'' scientifically silly; but as a (fallible) inferential mechanism it actually underlies much of human assumptions about the world.'' ** Well, this pattern certainly is, but the usual abduction (in this sense of the word)is fairly sturdy: ''If H held, T would occur; If H does not hold, T is pretty unlikely to occur, T occurs, Therefore probably H holds.'' ''What about all the rest of the inference types tht logic deals with? Interpretation, analogy, evaluative, not to mention again the ones under induction?'' They and abduction, too, often get buried away in "induction" but here there seems to be some sorting out.