Proposed Definitions of KOhA4, KOhA5, KOhA6
ko'a, ko'e, ko'i, ko'o, ko'u, fo'a, fo'e, fo'i, fo'o, fo'u (KOhA4)
These are assignable pro-sumti. The referent of each word can be assigned using {goi}.
Examples
- i le nanmu goi ko'a cu klama le zarci .i ko'a viska re nanmu goi ko'e joi ko'i .i ko'e joi ko'i ca casnu le jdima be le cipni
- A man went to the market. He saw two men there. They were discussing the price of the birds.
cmavo: ko'a (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: ko'e (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: ko'i (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: ko'o (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: ko'u (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'a (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'a (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'e (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'i (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'o (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
cmavo: fo'u (KOhA4)
Proposed Definition
Proposed Keywords
vo'a, vo'e, vo'i, vo'o, vo'u (KOhA4)
Proposed definition
These are pro-sumti that refer to sumti in the outermost bridi of the sentence. Each of the series refers to a difference place
vo'a - The x1 of this bridi.
vo'e - The x2 of this bridi.
vo'i - The x3 of this bridi.
vo'o - The x4 of this bridi.
vo'u - The x5 of this bridi.
Proposed keywords
- vo'a: it-x1
- vo'e: it-x2
- vo'i: it-x3
- vo'o: it-x4
- vo'u: it-x5
Examples
- .i la risna noltruni'u cu zutse le vo'a nolstizu
- The Queen of Hearts sat on her throne.
Issues
The vo'a-series cmavo refer to the sumti of the outermost bridi of the sentence. (This was left unspecified in CLL, and decided by a significant majority of usage.)
ri, ra, ru (KOhA5)
Proposed definition
These pro-sumti repeat previous sumti in the sentence. ri repeats the previous sumti. ra repeats a recent, but usually not the previous, sumti. And ru repeats an earlier sumti, to be determined from context.
Proposed keywords
- ri: last sumti
- ra: recent sumti
- ru: earlier sumti
Examples
- .i ji'a la lutcezis zo'u ri na kakne le nu ficyju'o la ceris la amonti,ados
- And as for Luchesi, he cannot distinguish Sherry from Amontillado.
- .i ca lenu la gregor.samsas. co'a cikna gi'e co'u raktu senva vau ca lo cerni kei ra facki lenu ra vi le ckana ba'o binxo lo brabra cinki
- As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself in his bed transformed into a gigantic insect.
- .i mi kucli ledu'u makau frica le xe fanva be ri le xe fanva be ru
- I'm curious as to what differs from the translation of that and the translation of the thing you said a bit ago.
ti, ta, tu (KOhA6)
Proposed definition
These pro-sumti are demonstratives. They refer to objects in the real world. ti refers to an object near the speaker; "this here object". ta refers to an object near the listener, or if the listener is near the speaker it refers to an object a medium distance away; "that there object". tu refers to a distant object, or one far from both the speaker and the listener; "that yonder object".
Proposed keywords
- ti: this here
- ta: that there
- tu: that yonder
Examples
- ti joncku lei cafne preti be la lojban
- This here is a collective FAQs of Lojban.
- doi ksion go'i .i ta cnino traji
- Hey Xion, yeah. That thing near you is the most new.
- tu cukta lo pixra be lo nalgasnu ninmu
- That over there is a book containing pictures of females not really doing anything.
Bickerings
this about ri/vo'a (+ soi)