<br />

su'o (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

At least (one). Some.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {su'e}<br />
• {za'u}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• at least<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

so'e lo ponjo jugle'u cu lerfu fi su'o re lo se bacru

Most Japanese kanji have at least two pronunciations.<br />

<br />

su'e (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

At most (one).<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {su'o}<br />
• {me'i}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• at most<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

la cibyska cu se kelci su'e bi remna

Tricolor is played by at most eight people.<br />

<br />

za'u (PA3)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

More than (one).<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {me'i}<br />
• {su'o}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• more than<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

lo mi dalpe'o cu za'u mei

My pets are more than one.<br />

za'u ci da cinri mi

There are more than three things that interest me.<br />

ko za'u re'u troci

Try again!<br />

<br />

me'i (PA3)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Less than (all). Not all.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {za'u}<br />
• {su'e}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

less than<br /> <br />

Usage Examples<br />

me'i gerku cu klama lo cevzda

Not all dogs go to heaven.<br />

<br />

ji'i (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Approximately.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• approximately<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

ji'i xa pi xa gigdo be lo remna cu xabju la terdi

Approximately 6.6 billion humans inhabit the Earth.<br />

<br />

ro (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Each. All. Every.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {no}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• all<br />
• each<br />
• every<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

lo srasu ro roi ri'ozma ze'o lo bitmu

The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.<br />

<br />

da'a (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

All except (one).<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {ro}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• all except<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

da'a drata cu ci pa mei

All but one of the others are thirty-one-somes.<br />

<br />

so'a (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Almost all. All but a few.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• almost all<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

do so'a roi lerci

You're almost always late.<br />

<br />

so'e (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Most. All but a significant number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• most<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

ta so'e mei

That's most of them.<br />

<br />

so'i (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Many. A large number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• many<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

mi ba'o cilre so'i da lo xirma lo vi cukta

I have learned a lot about horses from this book.<br />

<br />

so'o (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Several. A significant number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• several<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

so'o lo pendo be mi cu simlu lo ka jinvi lo du'u xamgu sidbo

Several of my friends seem to think it's a good idea.<br />

<br />

so'u (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

A few. A small number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• a few<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

mi stali lo darno ze'a lo masti be li so'u

I stayed away for a few months.<br />

<br />

no'o (PA5)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

A usual number. The expected number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• usual number<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

ba za lo mentu be li no'o mi co'a sipna

After the usual number of minutes, I fall asleep.<br />

<br />

rau (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Enough. The right number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {mo'a}<br />
• {du'e}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• enough<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

xu do pu snada lo nu cpacu lo rau kelci

Did you manage to get enough players?<br />

<br />

du'e (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Too many. More than the right number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {mo'a}<br />
• {rau}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• too many<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

du'e cuntu ka'e fliba

Too many things could go wrong.<br />

<br />

mo'a (PA4)<br />

<br />

Proposed Definition<br />

Too few. Less than the right number.<br /> <br />

See Also<br />

• {du'e}<br />
• {rau}<br />

<br />

Proposed Keywords<br />

• too few<br />

<br />

Usage Examples<br />

mi'a mo'a roi casnu lo ckape

We discussed the dangers too few times.<br />

<br />

Formal definitions<br />

<br />

<br />
<br />
su'o PA	vei na'u zmadu ja dunli PA<br />
su'e PA	vei na'u mleca ja dunli PA<br />
za'u PA	vei na'u zmadu PA<br />
me'i PA	vei na'u mleca PA<br />
ji'i PA	vei na'u jibni PA<br />
da'a PA	vei na'u se sumji be lo mulno PA<br />
<br />
ro	vei ni'e mulno<br />
so'a	vei ni'e muljbi<br />
so'e	vei ni'e xabmau<br />
so'i	vei ni'e mutce<br />
so'o	vei ni'e milxe<br />
so'u	vei ni'e toltce<br />
rau	vei ni'e drani<br />
du'e	vei ni'e dukse<br />
mo'a	vei ni'e toldu'e<br />
no'o	vei ni'e co'e<br />

<br />

<br />

Quantifiers<br />

<br />

<br />
definite	no pa re ci vo mu xa ze bi ... da'aci da'are da'apa ro <br />
scalar	no [ so'u ] [ so'o ] [ so'i ] [ so'e ] [ so'a ] ro <br />
generic	no [ no'o ] ro <br />
subjective	[ mo'a ] [ rau ] [ du'e ] <br />
<br />
ranges<br />
su'o PA	.......................... [PA ............................] <br />
za'u PA	.......................... PA [............................] <br />
su'e PA	[......................... PA] ............................. <br />
me'i PA	[.........................] PA ............................. <br />
ji'i PA	................... [...... PA ......] ........................ <br />

<br /> <br />

<br />
da'a<br />
<br />
da'a da'a PA	PA<br />
<br />
da'a ro	no<br />
da'a so'a	so'u<br />
da'a so'e	so'o<br />
da'a so'i	so'i<br />
da'a so'o	so'e<br />
da'a so'u	so'a<br />
da'a no	ro<br />
<br />
da'a rau	rau<br />
da'a du'e	mo'a<br />
da'a mo'a	du'e<br />
<br />
da'a no'o	no'o<br />
<br />
da'a su'o PA	su'e da'a PA<br />
da'a su'e PA	su'o da'a PA<br />
da'a za'u PA	me'i da'a PA<br />
da'a me'i PA	za'u da'a PA<br />
da'a ji'i PA	ji'i da'a PA<br />

<br /> <br /> <br />

<br />
Definitions in terms of su'o:<br />
<br />
su'o N+1 da zo'u da broda	su'o da su'o N de zo'u ge da na du de gi da .e de broda <br />
za'u N da	su'o N+1 da<br />
su'e N da	naku su'o N+1 da<br />
me'i N da	naku su'o N da<br />
N da	su'o N da .enai su'o N+1 da<br />
da'a PA da	PA da naku<br />

<br /> <br /> In particular:<br /> <br /> no da = me'ipa da = naku su'o da<br /> ro da = da'ano da = no da naku = naku su'o da naku<br /> <br />

<br />
With restricted da (i.e. da poi broda):<br />
<br />
su'o da poi broda cu brode	su'o da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
su'o N da poi broda cu brode	su'o N da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
za'u N da poi broda cu brode	za'u N da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
su'e N da poi broda cu brode	su'e N da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
me'i N da poi broda cu brode	me'i N da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
N da poi broda cu brode	N da zo'u da broda gi'e brode<br />
da'a Q da poi broda cu brode	da'a Q da zo'u da broda nagi'a brode<br />

<br />

<br />

Internal grammar of quantifiers<br />

<br />

<br />
quantifier	proportional / fractional<br />
<br />
fractional	[prefix] pi (indefinite / definite / prefix) <br />
<br />
proportional	simple & simple [fi'u (ro & definite) / ce'i] <br />
simple	prefix & (indefinite / definite)<br />
<br />
prefix	da'a & (su'o / su'e / me'i / za'u / ji'i) & da'a<br />
indefinite	so'u / so'o / so'i / so'e / so'a / ro / mo'a / rau / du'e / no'o<br />
definite	(no / pa / re / ci / vo / mu / xa / ze / bi / so / ki'o) ...<br />

<br /> <br /> [ ] indicates the enclosed element is optional<br /> ... indicates the preceding element may appear one or more times <br /> / indicates either the preceding or the following element may appear <br /> & indicates the preceding, the following or both elements may appear<br /> <br />

Defaults for bare prefix<br />

When a prefix is not followed by a definite or indefinite, a default value is understood: the default is pa for su'o, su'e, za'u and da'a; ro for me'i; and a vague number (perhaps no'o) for ji'i.<br /> <br />

Two adjacent simple quantifiers<br />

• Two adjacent simple quantifiers are interpreted, when possible, as if joined with .e:<br />

<br /> ro ci broda <br /> all three brodas, all brodas and three brodas.<br /> <br /> rau su'o mu broda<br /> enough at least five brodas, enough brodas and at least five brodas.<br /> <br /> su'o ci su'e bi broda<br /> at least three at most eight brodas<br /> at least three brodas and at most eight brodas<br /> between three and eight brodas (inclusive)<br /> <br />

• Two adjacent simple quantifiers are interpreted, when joining them with .e would give a contradiction, as if joined with .a:<br />

<br /> me'i ci za'u ci broda<br /> less than three more than three brodas<br /> less than three brodas or more than three brodas<br /> i.e. other than three brodas<br /> <br /> mo'a du'e broda<br /> too few too many brodas<br /> too few brodas or too many brodas<br /> the wrong number of brodas<br /> <br /> <br />

Proportional quantifiers<br />

<br /> re fi'u ci broda<br /> Two out of every three brodas.<br /> Two thirds of brodas.<br /> <br /> za'u vo fi'u mu broda<br /> More than four out of every five brodas.<br /> More than four fifths of brodas.<br /> <br /> du'a fi'u ro muno broda<br /> Too many out of all 50 broda.<br /> Too many broda, of which there are 50 in all.<br /> <br />

• ce'i is equivalent to fi'u panono:<br />

<br /> za'u munoce'i broda<br /> More than half of all brodas.<br /> <br /> da'a cirepimu ce'i broda<br /> All but 32.5% of brodas.<br /> <br />

Fractional quantifiers<br />

<br />

<br />
piPA sumti	lo piPA si'e be sumti<br />

<br /> <br /> When a sumti has a single referent (which may be a simple individual, a group, a set, etc.) then a fractional quantifier refers to a corresponding fraction of the referent. In particular, a fraction of a group or a set is a subgroup or subset whose cardinality is the corresponding fraction of the cardinality of the whole.<br /> <br /> When a sumti has more than one referent (e.g. le ci plise) then a fractional quantifier refers to a fraction of one (which one is not specified) of the referents. Then pimu le ci plise is "half of one of the three apples. Then more generally we can define:<br /> <br />

<br />
piPA sumti	lo piPA si'e be pa me sumti<br />

<br /> <br /> which will also cover the case of a single referent.<br /> <br /> We may then generalize to things like repimu le ci plise for "two and a half of the three apples".<br />

<br />

Issues<br />

<br />

• The only link I ( mi'e la .lindar. ) will provide regarding "existential importing" regarding 'ro'.<br />
• ji'i ?<br />