Basic English Word List

Please update this to include senses for every gloss where it may not be clear.

PLEASE DO NOT INCLUDE METAPHOR OR OUTDATED COLLOQUIAL USAGE

• account - (as in bank) janta
• account - (explanation) ve ciksi
• account - (judgement) se pajni
• against - fapro, fa'a, (English def. is too loose, word is built into many gismu)
• almost - na'e (?), na'e ru'e, na ru'e, jibni
• among - jbini
• amount - ni, klani
• and - .e, je, ge, gi'e, jo'u, joi.
• any -
• as - sometimes "du'i"
• at - zvati, bu'u
• between - jbini (amidst), bi'i (connective)
• boy - nanla
• branch - (literal) jimca
• by - finti, lamji, zo'a
• chain - linsi
• change - galfi, stika, cenba
• cheap - tolkargu
• cheese - cirla
• chemical - xukmi
• chest - cutne
• chief - ralju
• chin - (related to xedja)
• church - (building) xriso malsi
• church - (community) xriso cecmu
• circle - cuktai
• clean - (v: is clean) jinsa
• clean - (n: to clean) lumci
• clear - klina
• clock - junla
• cloth - bukpu
• cloud - dilnu
• coal - kolme
• coat - kosta
• cold - lenku (is cold)
• collar - karli
• colour - skari
• comb - komcu
• come - klama
• comfort - kufra
• committee - kamni
• common - fadni, kampu
• company - (corporation) kagni
• company - (having people over) kansa
• comparison - nu karbi
• competition - te jivna
• complete - mulno
• complex - pluja
• condition - (a place in many gismu; be morse specific)
• connection - terjo'e/te jorne
• conscious - cikna
• control - jitro
• cook - jukpa
• copper - tunka
• copy - fukpi
• cord - skori
• cork - korka
• cotton - mapni
• cough - kafke
• country - (nation) gugde
• country - (countryside) nurma
• cover - gacri
• cow - (bovine) bakni
• cow - (female) fetsi
• crack - fenra
• credit - dejni
• crime - zekri
• cruel - kusra
• crush - marxa, zalvi
• cry - klaku
• cup - kabri (for liquid); (???? -> hold closely and gently)
• current - cabna
• curtain - murta
• curve - kruvi
• cushion - kicne
• damage - xrani (the result);xairgau (the action)
• danger - ckape
• dark - manku
• daughter - tixnu
• day - (24 hours) djedi
• day - (daytime) donri
• dead - morsi
• dear - dirba
• death - nu morsi
• debt - se dejni
• decision - se jdice
• deep - condi
• degree - gradu;julra'o;kelvo,jacke'o;
• delicate - ralci
• dependent - lacri
• design - platu (verb); se platu (noun)
• desire - djica
• destruction - nu daspo
• detail - tcila
• development - farvi
• different - frica
• digestion - canti
• direction - farna
• dirty - toljinsa
• discovery - te facki
• discussion - nu casnu
• disease - te bilma
• disgust - se rigni
• distance - ni darno (how far); ni jibni (how close)
• distribution - nu fatri
• division - nu fendi
• do - gasnu (agentive); zukte (volitive goal-oriented)
• dog - gerku
• door - vrogai
• doubt - senpi (plus any NU for various senses)
• down - cnita
• drain - te rinci (noun); ve rinci (force); rincygau (verb)
• drawer - dacru
• dress - skaci
• drink - pinxe (verb); se pinxe (noun); xalka (alcohol); sodva (soda pop)
• driving - ma'ersazri (to operate a vehicle); se marce (to be transported by vehicle); klama fu lo karce (going by car)
• drop - falcru; dirgo
• dry - sudga
• dust - pulce
• ear - kerlo
• early - clira; (experimental) xa'o
• earth - terdi; dertu
• east - stuna
• edge - korbi
• education - ctuca (teach); cilre (learn); tadni (study); ve ckule (being taught at a school)
• effect - se rinka (the result of something happening)
• egg - sovda
• elastic - pruni
• electric - dikca
• end - fanmo
• engine - ve marce (thing propelling a vehicle)
• enough - banzu; rau
• equal - dunli (see also mintu, panra)
• error - srera
• even - lanxe (balanced); za'umai (futher more); do'anai (implying an extreme example)
• event - fasnu; nu
• ever - Undefinable. Perhaps pujeca, pujeca'o, or similar.
• every - ro (also 'each')
• example - mupli; mu'a 'for example'
• exchange - canja
• existence - nu zasti
• expansion - prenja (with NU)
• experience - lifri (verb); se lifri (noun)
• expert - certu
• eye - kanla
• face - flira
• fact - fatci
• fall - farlu
• false - jitfa
• family - lanzu
• far - darno; vu
• farm - cange
• fat - plana
• father - patfu
• fear - terpa
• feather - pimlu
• feeble - ruble
• feeling - nuncni; se ganse
• female - fetsi
• fertile - ferti
• fiction - cfika
• field - foldi
• fight - damba
• finger - degji
• fire - fagri; cecla
• first - pamoi
• fish - finpe; fipkalte in agentive sense
• fixed - nalmu'u 'unmoving' ;te lasna (something static which is attached to); pu cikre;pu lasna (in 'attached' sense); pu frati (in sense 'dealt with')
• flag - lanci; ??? in sense 'make specifically visible'
• flame - fagri
• flat - pinta; plita; ??? in sense 'compact urban dwelling'
• flight - nu vofli
• floor - loldi; lolgai in sense 'covering of bottom layer'; le darxi ku falgau (in sense 'strike down'; one might also be floored like {le nu desku ku falri'a})
• flower - xrula; nu xrula, in event sense
• fly - vofli; sfani (insect sense)
• fold - polje in causative sense; cinje, te polje in 'physical feature' sense
• food - cidja
• foolish - bebna
• foot - jamfu; jmagutci in 'unit' sense
• for - nothing. 'for X' might be te zu'e, fi'o tergu'a, fi'o tergunta; mukti; 'for x reason' = ki'u; "for each X, there is a Y which broda's X" — use zo'u prenexes and da, de, di
• force - bapli 'compel'; danre, lafti, polje, se randa, te tinsa, ve rinci, se ranti, mosra, marxa, lanxe, jicla, katna, se jdari, se fapro, desku, se torni for various kinds of forces being yielded to, resisted, ignored.
• fork - forca; jimca in 'tree branch' sense; jimca pe'a in 'branch in path' sense;
• form - tarmi; binxo in sense 'create formation'; various places: binxo, se binxo, se banro, te marji - use a specific gismu eg boxfo, bolci, bliku if you want to say X is eg. of spherical form.; ??? in sense 'bureaucratic paperwork'
• forward - ca'u (tense); crane
• fowl - cipni (bird); datka (duck); gunse (goose); jipci (chicken); xruki (turkey)
• frame - greku (most general sense); selca'o 'window frame'; korbi dacti ('picture frame'); kinslexra/temslexra 'animation/film frame')
• free - zifre
• frequent - cafne; cf. di'i
• friend - pendo
• from - ra'i (origin); to'o (apart)
• front - crane
• fruit - grute
• full - culno
• future - ba, balvi
• garden - purdi
• general - kampu
• get - cpacu (get); te dunda (receive)
• girl - nixli; ninmu in some (inaccurate) English usage
• give - dunda
• glass - blaci
• glove - gluta
• go - klama, cliva ('leave')
• goat - kanba
• gold - solji (metal); pelxu (colour)
• good - xamgu; vrude; se vecnu (a saleable good), se pleji, se janta, se cteki, se jdima; kanro, gleki, fadni "i'm good"
• government - turni
• grain - gurni (general); tengu ('wood grain' /appearance/feel sense). se nanba, rarely
• grass - srasu; xukmi in a colloquial sense
• great - banli, traji; mutce xamgu
• green - crino
• grey - grusi
• grip - jgari; jimpe 'get a grip on'
• group - girzu; ganzu fi lo girzu ('group together'/ put into a group)
• growth - nu banro; banro in the sense of 'plant growth'
• guide - gidva
• gun - cecla
• hair - kerfa
• hammer - mruli; jusxai in sense 'severely damage'
• hand - xance
• hanging - dandu 'hang'
• happy - gleki
• harbour - marbi
• hard - jdari ('firm'); fu'inai (emotion); nandu (difficult)
• harmony - sarxe (agreement)
• hat - mapku
• hate - xebni
• have - ponse (own); bevri (to have on one's person); pu (past tense conjugation)
• he - N/A (ko'a?)
• head - stedu
• healthy - kanro
• hear - tirna
• hearing - snaga'e
• heart - risna (organ); cnise'i (metaphorical 'emotional self')
• heat - glare ('is hot'); glanejni ('heat'); glebre ('in heat' (sexual sense))
• help - sidju
• high - galtu (elevation)
• history - citri
• hole - kevna ('cave'/'cavity'); greke'a (passageway)
• hollow - nonvau ! nonce !
• hook - genxu (shape)
• hope - a'o (emote); pacna (verb); se pacna (noun)
• horn - jirna (body part); tabra (brass instrument); vruca'a (noise-maker)
• horse - xirma
• hospital - spita
• hour - cacra
• house - zdadi'u (building)
• how - ta'i (method); xokau (how many); sai (intensifier); mo (how are you?)
• humour - zo'o (emotive); xajmi (amusing)
• I - mi
• ice - bisli
• idea - sidbo; si'o
• if -
• ill - bilma
• important - vajni
• impulse -
• in - ne'i; nenri
• increase - zengau, ba'orgau (agentive sense); nu zenba SUMTI, nu banro SUMTI (as in 'an increase in ..' or 'a growth of ..')
• industry -
• ink - xinmo
• insect -
• instrument - tutci; various (damri, flani, janbe, jgita, pipno, tabra, xagri) in 'musical' sense, possibly also {se damri}.
• insurance -
• interest -
• invention -
• iron -
• island -
• jelly -
• jewel -
• join - jorne
• journey -
• judge - (person) pajni
• judge - (judgement) nu pajni
• jump - plipe
• keep -
• kettle -
• key - ckiku
• kick - tikpa
• kind - xendo
• kiss - cinba
• knee - cidni; cidni darxi (agentive sense, strike with one's knee)
• knife - dakfu; dakfu gunta (agentive sense, to attack using a knife)
• knot -
• knowledge -
• land -
• language -
• last -
• late -
• laugh -
• law -
• lead -
• leaf - pezli
• learning -
• leather -
• left -
• leg -
• let -
• letter -
• level -
• library -
• lift -
• light - gusni
• like -
• limit - (v) jimte
• line - linji
• linen -
• lip - ctebi
• liquid -
• list - liste (physical list only)
• little - cmalu
• living - jmive
• lock - stela
• long - clani
• look -
• loose -
• loss -
• loud -
• love - prami
• low -
• machine - minji
• make -
• male -
• man -
• manager -
• map - (v) cartu
• mark -
• market -
• married -
• mass -
• match -
• material -
• may -
• meal -
• measure -
• meat -
• medical -
• meeting -
• memory -
• metal -
• middle -
• military -
• milk -
• mind -
• mine -
• minute -
• mist -
• mixed -
• money -
• monkey -
• month -
• moon -
• morning -
• mother -
• motion -
• mountain -
• mouth -
• move -
• much -
• muscle -
• music -
• nail -
• name -
• narrow -
• nation -
• natural -
• near -
• necessary -
• neck -
• need -
• needle -
• nerve -
• net -
• new -
• news -
• night - nicte
• no -
• noise -
• normal -
• north -
• nose -
• not -
• note - (short letter) notci
• now -
• number -
• nut -
• observation -
• of -
• off -
• offer -
• office -
• oil -
• old -
• on -
• only -
• open -
• operation -
• opinion -
• opposite -
• or -
• orange -
• order -
• organization -
• ornament -
• other -
• out -
• oven -
• over -
• owner -
• page -
• pain -
• paint -
• paper -
• parallel -
• parcel -
• part -
• past -
• paste -
• payment -
• peace -
• pen -
• pencil -
• person -
• physical -
• picture -
• pig -
• pin -
• pipe -
• place -
• plane -
• plant -
• plate -
• play -
• please -
• pleasure -
• plough -
• pocket -
• point -
• poison -
• polish -
• political -
• poor -
• porter -
• position -
• possible -
• pot -
• potato -
• powder -
• power -
• present -
• price -
• print -
• prison -
• private -
• probable -
• process -
• produce -
• profit -
• property -
• prose -
• protest -
• public -
• pull -
• pump -
• punishment -
• purpose -
• push -
• put -
• quality -
• question - (n) preti, se danfu
• question - (v) senpi
• quick - sutra
• quiet - smaji
• quite - see 'very'
• rail -
• rain - carvi
• range -
• rat - ratcu
• rate - parbi 'rate of X relative to Y'
• ray -
• reaction -
• reading -
• ready -
• reason -
• receipt -
• record -
• red - xunre
• regret -
• regular -
• relation -
• religion - lijda
• representative -
• request -
• respect -
• responsible -
• rest -
• reward -
• rhythm -
• rice -
• right -
• ring -
• river -
• road -
• rod -
• roll -
• roof -
• room -
• root -
• rough -
• round -
• rub -
• rule -
• run -
• sad -
• safe -
• sail -
• salt -
• same -
• sand -
• say -
• scale -
• school -
• science -
• scissors -
• screw -
• sea -
• seat -
• second -
• secret -
• secretary -
• see -
• seed -
• seem -
• selection -
• self - sevzi
• send - benji
• sense - ganse
• separate -
• serious -
• servant -
• sex - gletu
• shade -
• shake -
• shame -
• sharp -
• sheep -
• shelf -
• ship -
• shirt -
• shock -
• shoe -
• short -
• shut -
• side -
• sign -
• silk -
• silver -
• simple - sampu
• sister -
• size -
• skin -
• skirt -
• sky -
• sleep -
• slip -
• slope -
• slow -
• small -
• smash -
• smell -
• smile -
• smoke -
• smooth -
• snake -
• sneeze -
• snow -
• so -
• soap -
• society -
• sock -
• soft -
• solid -
• some -
• son - bersa (pref. verba). nanla more rarely
• song - se sanga
• sort - ganzu; cf. porsi
• sound -
• soup -
• south -
• space -
• spade -
• special -
• sponge -
• spoon -
• spring -
• square -
• stage -
• stamp -
• star -
• start -
• statement -
• station -
• steam -
• steel -
• stem -
• step -
• stick -
• sticky -
• stiff -
• still -
• stitch -
• stocking -
• stomach -
• stone -
• stop -
• store -
• story -
• straight -
• strange -
• street -
• stretch -
• strong -
• structure -
• substance -
• such -
• sudden -
• sugar -
• suggestion -
• summer -
• sun -
• support -
• surprise -
• sweet -
• swim -
• system -
• table -
• tail -
• take -
• talk -
• tall -
• taste -
• tax -
• teaching -
• tendency -
• test -
• than -
• that -
• the -
• then -
• theory -
• there -
• thick -
• thin -
• thing -
• this -
• thought -
• thread -
• throat -
• through -
• thumb -
• thunder - lidysna
• ticket - pikta
• tight - tagji (close fitting); trati (taut). {lo tagji} actually makes sense as a xelfanva for 'tights'
• till - rupydacru?; plixa; (till, not 'til)
• time - temci (period of time); tcika (point in time); see 'day','night'
• tin - tinci
• tired - tatpi
• to - n/a mostly; sometimes bi'o seems to be meant, often "fa'a"
• toe - tamji
• together - .a or JOI (almost any JOI; joi itself is most typical.) in
• some senses, kansa ; i'i
• tomorrow - bavlamdei
• tongue - tance
• tooth - denci
• top - drudi; se cpana (additional implications vs drudi); creka ('put on a top') -
• touch - pensu; ganse for 'sense of touch'?; re'o (locational sense);"pencu", kuspe *for 'spans X to Y, touching Z';
• town - tcadu
• trade - canja; jibri; basti;
• train - trene (vehicular sense); jonpoi (physically-joined-objects sense);crezenzu'e, rapcreze'a
• transport - xe klama /xelkla, xe ka'a;se tcana?, "marce", "bevri"
• tray - palne
• tree - tricu
• trick - tcica, ticygau;
• trouble - raktu
• trousers - palku
• true - jetnu
• turn - carna, kruvi
• twist - torni; sometimes carna
• umbrella - santa (u'i)
• under - cnita; ni'a?
• unit - gradu
• up - ga'u; sort of galtu
• use - pilno
• value - vamji; ve vecnu, se jdima; steci
• verse - pemci; ??? (in sense delimited subset of text)
• very - mutce; in some contexts traji might be meant; carmi.
• vessel - vasru; bloti; kabri; blutu'u
• view - jvinu; se viska
• violent - ka vlile
• voice - voksa
• waiting - nu denpa/denpa; nu djabeipre (IOW waiting on people; waiter.)
• walk - cadzu
• wall - bitmu
• war - jamna
• warm - mligla or glare, depending on level of exaggeration.
• wash - lumci; flecu in sense 'wash of water/backwash'
• waste - festi, xaksu, vikmi
• watch - zgana, catlu; mencti; junla; ??? (in sense 'a watch/patrol'; some kind of zgaku'i. bilzgaku'i?)
• water - djacu
• wave - boxna
• wax - lakse
• way - pluta / ve pluta, ve muvdu,xe bevri
• weather - tcima
• week - jeftu. cf detri.
• weight - junta (not tilju, but it may be relevant.)
• well - xamgu, jinto, kanro
• west - vu'a, stici
• wet - cilmo
• wheel - xislu
• when - ca ma
• where - vi ma; (use of zo'u prenexes/reversing as in "X Ys, where Y is defined as.."), "bu'u ma" more often than "vi ma".
• while - cabna, ca, ca'o
• whistle - siclu / se siclu
• white - blabi
• who - ma (in appropriate place); ma kau (in appropriate place, eg gau ma kau)
• why - ki'u ma; mu'i ma; ri'a ma; ni'i ma, ja'e ma less often. also each with kau appended.
• wide - ganra
• will - te zukte; ??? (in sense used in 'will reading'), "ba"
• wind - brife
• window - canko
• wine - vanju
• wing - nalci
• winter - dunra
• wire - cilta; (in some contexts, skori might be more appropriate.)
• wise - prije
• with - tugni in some sense (see "together"), "se pi'o"
• woman - ninmu
• wood - mudri
• wool - sunla
• word - valsi
• work - various senses: gunka, briju, te jerna, jibri; also even se
• finti, se cukta
• worm - curnu
• wound - cagna EXPERIMENTAL in the 'A wound' sense.; xrani in the 'event wounding X' sense. -
• writing - multiple senses -> different places of ciska
• wrong - jitfa; toldrani; te venfu; tolvu'e; palci?, se srera whip - bikla (in 'action' sense); bikyxa'i (in 'object' sense)
• year - nanca .cf detri
• yellow - pelxu
• yes - go'i; je'e; ja'a; vi'o (and probably others; all different senses.)
• yesterday - prulamdei
• you - do (approximately.)
• young - citno